Karbid krem\u00edka (SiC) sa \u0161iroko vyu\u017e\u00edva v r\u00f4znych priemyseln\u00fdch odvetviach v\u010faka svojim univerz\u00e1lnym vlastnostiam, v\u010faka ktor\u00fdm je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 vhodn\u00fd pre vysokonap\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 v\u00fdkonov\u00e9 polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 zariadenia, ako s\u00fa napr\u00edklad meni\u010da v elektrick\u00fdch vozidl\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
Keramick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, ako je tento \u017eiaruvzdorn\u00fd a keramick\u00fd materi\u00e1l, sa vyzna\u010duj\u00fa odolnos\u0165ou vo\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m a teplotn\u00fdm \u0161okom, maj\u00fa vynikaj\u00facu mechanick\u00fa pevnos\u0165 a ve\u013emi n\u00edzku mieru roz\u0165a\u017enosti.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka je tvrd\u00fd a odoln\u00fd materi\u00e1l, ktor\u00fd sa v\u010faka svojim stabiln\u00fdm chemick\u00fdm vlastnostiam, vysokej tepelnej vodivosti, n\u00edzkej koeficientu roz\u0165a\u017enosti a odolnosti proti opotrebeniu \u0161iroko vyu\u017e\u00edva v r\u00f4znych priemyseln\u00fdch procesoch. Z karbidu krem\u00edka sa vyr\u00e1baj\u00fa r\u00f4zne br\u00fasne v\u00fdrobky, vr\u00e1tane br\u00fasnych kot\u00fa\u010dov, br\u00fasneho papiera, br\u00fasnych p\u00e1sov, olejov\u00fdch kame\u0148ov, br\u00fasnych blokov a br\u00fasnych hl\u00e1v na rezanie kovov, keramiky, skla a ne\u017eelezn\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov \u2013 ako aj na pieskovanie na odstra\u0148ovanie farby, hrdze alebo ak\u00fdchko\u013evek ne\u010dist\u00f4t z zne\u010disten\u00fdch povrchov.<\/p>\n
Br\u00fasny karbid krem\u00edka je v modernom klenotn\u00edctve \u010doraz ob\u013e\u00fabenej\u0161ou vo\u013ebou v\u010faka svojej odolnosti a cenovej dostupnosti. Je k dispoz\u00edcii v r\u00f4znych zrnitos\u0165ach, aby vyhovoval potreb\u00e1m rezania alebo le\u0161tenia kame\u0148ov. Elektronick\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti ho tie\u017e vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na v\u00fdrobu spojovac\u00edch f\u00f3li\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 zabezpe\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee vysokokvalitn\u00e9 optick\u00e9 vl\u00e1kna s\u00fa pred ich spojen\u00edm vyle\u0161ten\u00e9 na po\u017eadovan\u00fa hladkos\u0165.<\/p>\n
\u010cierny karbid krem\u00edka (niekedy ozna\u010dovan\u00fd ako tetragon\u00e1lny SiC alebo 3C-SiC) je polokrehk\u00e9 br\u00fasivo so strednou hustotou, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1 dobr\u00fa odolnos\u0165 proti kor\u00f3zii, av\u0161ak ni\u017e\u0161iu odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di kyselin\u00e1m ako spekan\u00fd karbid krem\u00edka. \u010cierny karbid krem\u00edka, vyr\u00e1ban\u00fd ako vitrifikovan\u00fd alebo \u017eivicou viazan\u00fd v\u00fdrobok, pon\u00faka vynikaj\u00facu odolnos\u0165 proti kor\u00f3zii, av\u0161ak men\u0161iu odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di kyselin\u00e1m ako spekan\u00fd SiC.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka je mimoriadne odoln\u00fd \u017eiaruvzdorn\u00fd materi\u00e1l, ktor\u00fd sa \u010dasto vyu\u017e\u00edva v peciach, ohnisk\u00e1ch a in\u00fdch priemyseln\u00fdch zariadeniach. V\u010faka odolnosti vo\u010di teplot\u00e1m a\u017e do 1 800 \u00b0F (982 \u00b0C), odolnosti vo\u010di kyselin\u00e1m, z\u00e1sad\u00e1m a in\u00fdm koroz\u00edvnym chemik\u00e1li\u00e1m a vynikaj\u00facej tepelnej vodivosti a pevnostn\u00fdm vlastnostiam poskytuje karbid krem\u00edka spo\u013eahliv\u00fa ochranu pred extr\u00e9mnymi podmienkami.<\/p>\n
Tavenie v odporov\u00fdch peciach umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdrobu vysokokvalitnej ocele zo surov\u00edn, ako s\u00fa kremi\u010dit\u00fd piesok, ropn\u00fd koks a drevn\u00e1 \u0161tiepka, ktor\u00e1 sa n\u00e1sledne chemick\u00fdm spracovan\u00edm \u010falej zu\u0161\u013each\u0165uje na r\u00f4zne druhy s odli\u0161nou ve\u013ekos\u0165ou \u010dast\u00edc a vlastnos\u0165ami pre r\u00f4zne \u00fa\u010dely. Pri v\u00fdrobe ocele, ako aj pri v\u00fdrobe keramiky, je ve\u013emi prospe\u0161n\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvanie oceliarskeho \u0161rotu na v\u00fdrobu oceliarskych sochorov; okrem toho je v\u010faka svojej univerz\u00e1lnosti u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fd aj pri izol\u00e1cii a obkladan\u00ed, napr\u00edklad pri obkladan\u00ed pec\u00ed, t\u00e9glikov, muflov a predn\u00fdch stien kom\u00f4r.<\/p>\n
Karborund je tvrd\u00e1, kry\u0161talick\u00e1 zl\u00fa\u010denina krem\u00edka a uhl\u00edka s chemick\u00fdm vzorcom SiC, ktor\u00e1 je be\u017ene zn\u00e1ma pod n\u00e1zvom karborund. Hoci sa v pr\u00edrode vyskytuje vo ve\u013emi obmedzen\u00fdch mno\u017estv\u00e1ch ako moissanit, naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa vyr\u00e1ba synteticky na pou\u017eitie ako br\u00fasny pr\u00e1\u0161ok a na v\u00fdrobu drahokamov. Karborundum nach\u00e1dza \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatnenie ako br\u00fasny pr\u00e1\u0161ok v produktoch, ako s\u00fa br\u00fasne kot\u00fa\u010de, rezn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje a br\u00fasny papier; jeho v\u00fdroba sl\u00fa\u017ei aj na v\u00fdrobu \u017eiaruvzdorn\u00fdch teh\u00e1l pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v peciach a pece, ako aj na pokro\u010dil\u00e9 elektronick\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie vy\u017eaduj\u00face vysok\u00e9 teploty alebo nap\u00e4tie, ako s\u00fa sveteln\u00e9 di\u00f3dy (LED) pre ran\u00e9 r\u00e1diov\u00e9 prij\u00edma\u010de.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka sa u\u017e dlho pou\u017e\u00edva v br\u00fasnych a \u017eiaruvzdorn\u00fdch materi\u00e1loch, av\u0161ak jeho elektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti sa s postupom \u010dasu st\u00e1vaj\u00fa \u010doraz v\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edmi. V\u010faka svojej jedine\u010dnej odolnosti vo\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m, nap\u00e4tiam a extr\u00e9mnym podmienkam je karbid krem\u00edka neocenite\u013enou n\u00e1hradou za polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, ako je nitrid g\u00e1lia alebo dokonca be\u017en\u00fd krem\u00edk, v aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch v\u00fdkonovej elektroniky.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka ur\u010den\u00fd pre polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie sa v\u00fdrazne l\u00ed\u0161i od svojich br\u00fasnych a \u017eiaruvzdorn\u00fdch variantov v tom, \u017ee sa vyr\u00e1ba spekan\u00edm materi\u00e1lu, a nie zmie\u0161an\u00edm pr\u00e1\u0161ku so spojivom. T\u00fato modern\u00fa v\u00fdrobn\u00fa met\u00f3du vyn\u00e1jden\u00fa Edwardom Goodrichom Achesonom u\u017e v roku 1891: kremi\u010dit\u00fd piesok zmie\u0161an\u00fd s uhl\u00edkom (vo forme mlet\u00e9ho koksu) sa v elektrickej odporovej peci zahrieva, a\u017e k\u00fdm nevytvor\u00ed jeden pevn\u00fd kus a ned\u00f4jde k spekaniu.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdsledn\u00fd materi\u00e1l je odoln\u00fd, odoln\u00fd vo\u010di kor\u00f3zii a opakovan\u00fdm spekan\u00edm sa d\u00e1 \u013eahko tvarova\u0165 pre r\u00f4zne \u00fa\u010dely. Pridan\u00edm pr\u00edsad je mo\u017en\u00e9 zmeni\u0165 jeho elektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti; be\u017ene sa prid\u00e1vaj\u00fa prvky ako b\u00f3r a hlin\u00edk na vytvorenie polovodi\u010da typu n a ber\u00fdlium a g\u00e1lium na vytvorenie polovodi\u010da typu p.<\/p>\n
Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 EAG Laboratories m\u00e1 rozsiahle sk\u00fasenosti s anal\u00fdzou karbidu krem\u00edka pomocou techn\u00edk hromadnej aj priestorovo rozl\u00ed\u0161enej anal\u00fdzy s cie\u013eom pochopi\u0165 jeho elektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka, be\u017enej\u0161ie zn\u00e1my ako karborundum \/krbrndm\/, je mimoriadne tvrd\u00e1 syntetick\u00e1 kry\u0161talick\u00e1 zl\u00fa\u010denina krem\u00edka a uhl\u00edka so vzorcom SiC. Hoci sa v pr\u00edrode vyskytuje vo forme lo\u017e\u00edsk miner\u00e1lu moissanitu, hromadn\u00e1 v\u00fdroba pr\u00e1\u0161ku z karbidu krem\u00edka za\u010dala po roku 1893 s cie\u013eom vyu\u017ei\u0165 ho ako br\u00fasivo a v aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch z tvrdej keramiky, ako s\u00fa br\u00fasne kot\u00fa\u010de a platne do nepriestreln\u00fdch viest.<\/p>\n
V poslednom obdob\u00ed sa krem\u00edk \u0161iroko vyu\u017e\u00edva v polovodi\u010dov\u00fdch elektronick\u00fdch zariadeniach, najm\u00e4 vo v\u00fdkonovej elektronike. V\u010faka svojim jedine\u010dn\u00fdm fyzik\u00e1lnym a elektrick\u00fdm vlastnostiam je krem\u00edk vynikaj\u00facou vo\u013ebou materi\u00e1lu pre zariadenia pracuj\u00face pri vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch alebo nap\u00e4tiach.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka sa od v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny priemyseln\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn odli\u0161uje t\u00fdm, \u017ee p\u00f4sob\u00ed ako elektrick\u00fd izol\u00e1tor, pokia\u013e nie je dopovan\u00fd ne\u010distotami, ktor\u00e9 menia jeho \u0161\u00edrku zak\u00e1zan\u00e9ho p\u00e1sma \u2013 napr\u00edklad dopovan\u00edm hlin\u00edkom a b\u00f3rom v pr\u00edpade polovodi\u010dov typu P a dopovan\u00edm fosforom a dus\u00edkom v pr\u00edpade polovodi\u010dov typu N.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdrobcovia vyr\u00e1baj\u00fa kubick\u00fd karbid krem\u00edka prostredn\u00edctvom r\u00f4znych procesov, vr\u00e1tane techn\u00edk rastu riaden\u00e9ho sublim\u00e1ciou v uzavretom priestore, ako je napr\u00edklad chemick\u00e9 nan\u00e1\u0161anie z parnej f\u00e1zy. Pri tejto met\u00f3de sa zmes plynov vp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a do v\u00e1kuov\u00e9ho prostredia, kde reaguj\u00fa a nakoniec sa usadzuj\u00fa na substr\u00e1te. Chemick\u00e9 nan\u00e1\u0161anie z parnej f\u00e1zy sa \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edva ako s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 procesov synt\u00e9zy polovodi\u010dov na b\u00e1ze uhl\u00edka; chemick\u00e9 nan\u00e1\u0161anie z parnej f\u00e1zy tie\u017e vedie k tvorbe grafenu; sublim\u00e1cia riaden\u00e1 obmedzen\u00edm v\u0161ak poskytuje grafenov\u00fd materi\u00e1l vynikaj\u00facej kvality, \u010do s\u0165a\u017euje pr\u00e1cu s touto met\u00f3dou; v d\u00f4sledku toho nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 t\u00fato met\u00f3du roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165 na ve\u013ekov\u00fdrobu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Silicon Carbide (SiC) is widely utilized across industries due to its versatile properties that make it especially beneficial in high voltage power semiconductor devices like the ones found in electric vehicle traction inverters. Ceramic materials such as this refractory and ceramic material boast resistance to high heat and thermal shock, have excellent mechanical strength and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[64],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=244"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":245,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244\/revisions\/245"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}