Br\u00fasne kot\u00fa\u010de s\u00fa n\u00e1stroje s br\u00fasnym povrchom, ktor\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa r\u00f4zne materi\u00e1ly na odstra\u0148ovanie materi\u00e1lu z obrobkov. Ich typ a n\u00e1ro\u010dnos\u0165 ur\u010duj\u00fa, ak\u00e9 brusivo, ve\u013ekos\u0165 zrna a trieda sa musia pou\u017ei\u0165 v z\u00e1vislosti od toho, ak\u00fd druh \u00falohy je potrebn\u00e9 dokon\u010di\u0165.<\/p>\n
Spojenie br\u00fasnych z\u0155n je ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, preto\u017ee ovplyv\u0148uje r\u00fdchlos\u0165 aj \u017eivotnos\u0165 kolies. R\u00f4zne spojenia sa vyzna\u010duj\u00fa r\u00f4znymi \u00farov\u0148ami tvrdosti a lomovej h\u00fa\u017eevnatosti.<\/p>\n
Pri k\u00fape br\u00fasneho kot\u00fa\u010da je potrebn\u00e9 zoh\u013eadni\u0165 nieko\u013eko vlastnost\u00ed. Patr\u00ed medzi ne jeho br\u00fasny v\u00fdbrus, ve\u013ekos\u0165 zrna a pevnos\u0165 spojiva - br\u00fasny v\u00fdbrus ur\u010duje jeho schopnos\u0165 prenikn\u00fa\u0165 do materi\u00e1lu a odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 ho; m\u00e4kk\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, ako s\u00fa tv\u00e1rne kovy, maj\u00fa m\u00e4kk\u00fd povrch, ktor\u00fd pri br\u00fasen\u00ed vytv\u00e1ra trhanie, ktor\u00e9ho v\u00fdsledkom s\u00fa mal\u00e9 triesky br\u00fasnych \u010dast\u00edc naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 \"trieska\", zatia\u013e \u010do tvrd\u0161ie materi\u00e1ly, ako s\u00fa karbid a keramika, sa \u013eahko l\u00e1mu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa ostr\u00e9 triesky, ktor\u00e9 vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa nabr\u00fasen\u00e9 triesky zn\u00e1me ako trieska; pri v\u00fdbere typu materi\u00e1lu a br\u00fasneho povrchu; tieto vlastnosti je tie\u017e potrebn\u00e9 vzia\u0165 do \u00favahy pred rozhodnut\u00edm o v\u00fdbere.<\/p>\n
V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti mo\u017eno n\u00e1js\u0165 \u0161tyri typy pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch a umel\u00fdch br\u00fasnych materi\u00e1lov s povrchovou \u00fapravou aj s v\u00e4zbou: \u0161mirge\u013e, gran\u00e1t, oxid hlinit\u00fd a oxid hlinito-irk\u00f3nov\u00fd. popul\u00e1rnou vo\u013ebou s\u00fa br\u00fasne materi\u00e1ly s povrchovou \u00fapravou aj s v\u00e4zbou: \u0161mirge\u013e, gran\u00e1t, oxid hlinit\u00fd a oxid hlinito-irk\u00f3nov\u00fd. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 z nich pon\u00faka r\u00f4zne vlastnosti, ako je dlh\u00e1 \u017eivotnos\u0165, hrubos\u0165\/agresivita a drobivos\u0165; dod\u00e1vaj\u00fa sa v r\u00f4znych zrnitostiach od kot\u00fa\u010dov a\u017e po listy - mnoh\u00e9 z nich m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 dokonca \"stearizovan\u00e9\", \u010do poskytuje dodato\u010dn\u00fd such\u00fd mazac\u00ed povlak, ktor\u00fd \u010falej zlep\u0161uje v\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka, naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 br\u00fasne zrno, m\u00e1 ostr\u00e9 a extr\u00e9mne tvrd\u00e9 zrn\u00e1 s tvrdos\u0165ou pod\u013ea Mohsa 9. Tento materi\u00e1l sa \u0161iroko pou\u017e\u00edva na br\u00fasenie ne\u017eelezn\u00fdch kovov, ako aj tvrd\u0161\u00edch materi\u00e1lov, napr\u00edklad karbidu cementu; r\u00fdchle rezn\u00e9 br\u00fasiv\u00e1, ako je karbid krem\u00edka, sa m\u00f4\u017eu pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 aj na br\u00fasenie ve\u013emi tvrd\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov, napr\u00edklad karbidu cementu. Typick\u00e9 pou\u017eitie br\u00fasnych kot\u00fa\u010dov z karbidu krem\u00edka zah\u0155\u0148a le\u0161tenie hrdze z povrchov, ako s\u00fa kovov\u00e9 a sklenen\u00e9 povrchy, alebo dokonca renov\u00e1ciu dreven\u00fdch podlahov\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdkonnostn\u00e9 charakteristiky br\u00fasneho kot\u00fa\u010da s\u00fa dan\u00e9 jeho abraz\u00edvnymi zrnami, ale aj v\u00e4zbou, ktor\u00e1 ich dr\u017e\u00ed pohromade. Spojenie br\u00fasneho kot\u00fa\u010da - vyroben\u00e9 z l\u00e1tok, ako s\u00fa sklovina, \u017eivica alebo organick\u00e1 \u017eivica - m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 tvrd\u00e9 alebo m\u00e4kk\u00e9 v z\u00e1vislosti od jeho pevnosti v porovnan\u00ed s vonkaj\u0161\u00edmi silami, ktor\u00e9 sa sna\u017eia uvo\u013eni\u0165 zrn\u00e1 po\u010das br\u00fasenia. Tvrd\u0161ie spoje poskytuj\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di t\u00fdmto sil\u00e1m a udr\u017euj\u00fa viac z\u0155n na mieste po\u010das pou\u017e\u00edvania.<\/p>\n
Keramick\u00e9 korundov\u00e9 br\u00fasne zrn\u00e1 s\u00fa vynikaj\u00facou vo\u013ebou na obr\u00e1banie kovov, preto\u017ee pon\u00fakaj\u00fa r\u00fdchle a hladk\u00e9 rezy a z\u00e1rove\u0148 vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa men\u0161ie trenie ako br\u00fasne zrn\u00e1 z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je potrebn\u00e1 menej \u010dast\u00e1 v\u00fdmena kot\u00fa\u010da. Zirk\u00f3nov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd je dokonca tvrd\u0161\u00ed ako \u0161tandardn\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd a po\u010das br\u00fasenia sa s\u00e1m ostr\u00ed; je preto obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 vhodn\u00fd na br\u00fasenie \u0165a\u017eko br\u00fasite\u013en\u00fdch kovov, ako je pancierov\u00e1 oce\u013e, tit\u00e1n, tvrd\u00e9 zliatiny niklu a Inconel(r). Zirk\u00f3n tie\u017e dobre odol\u00e1va tepeln\u00fdm tlakom, pri\u010dom si zachov\u00e1va svoj tvar; v\u010faka tomu je zirk\u00f3n obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fd pri br\u00fasen\u00ed \u0165a\u017eko br\u00fasite\u013en\u00fdch kovov, ako s\u00fa pancierov\u00e1 oce\u013e, tit\u00e1nov\u00e9 zliatiny tvrd\u00e9ho niklu a Inconel(r).<\/p>\n
Br\u00fasne kot\u00fa\u010de viazan\u00e9 \u017eivicou s\u00fa vynikaj\u00facim n\u00e1strojom na vyhladzovanie pokrivenej keramiky, odstra\u0148ovanie kvapiek glaz\u00fary a br\u00fasenie \u00falomkov z hotov\u00fdch keramick\u00fdch diel. Skvele funguj\u00fa aj ako hrub\u00e9 br\u00fasky na materi\u00e1ly s ni\u017e\u0161ou alebo strednou pevnos\u0165ou v \u0165ahu, ako je oxid hlinit\u00fd alebo kreme\u0148; br\u00fasne materi\u00e1ly s tvrd\u0161ou v\u00e4zbou m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 vhodnej\u0161ie na tvrd\u0161ie materi\u00e1ly, ako je nehrdzavej\u00faca oce\u013e alebo n\u00e1strojov\u00e9 ocele.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdber ide\u00e1lneho br\u00fasneho kot\u00fa\u010da si vy\u017eaduje zoh\u013eadnenie materi\u00e1lov, ktor\u00e9 sa maj\u00fa br\u00fasi\u0165, ako aj po\u017eiadaviek na ve\u013ekos\u0165, tvar a povrchov\u00fa \u00fapravu pre dan\u00fa \u00falohu. Vo v\u0161eobecnosti plat\u00ed, \u017ee v z\u00e1vislosti od toho, ak\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly je potrebn\u00e9 br\u00fasi\u0165, materi\u00e1ly ur\u010duj\u00fa, ak\u00fd druh br\u00fasnych z\u0155n sa mus\u00ed v kot\u00fa\u010di nach\u00e1dza\u0165 - oxid hlinit\u00fd, oxid zirkoni\u010dit\u00fd alebo karbid krem\u00edka s\u00fa niektor\u00e9 popul\u00e1rne vo\u013eby.<\/p>\n
Typ spojiva, ktor\u00e9 pokr\u00fdva abraz\u00edvne zrn\u00e1, tie\u017e zohr\u00e1va \u00falohu pri v\u00fdkone, pri\u010dom medzi najob\u013e\u00fabenej\u0161ie mo\u017enosti patria \u017eivicov\u00e9 spojiv\u00e1, \u017eivicovo-kau\u010dukov\u00e9 spojiv\u00e1 a sklovit\u00e9 spojiv\u00e1. \u017divicovo-kau\u010dukov\u00e1 v\u00e4zba pon\u00faka vynikaj\u00face aplik\u00e1cie na hrub\u00e9 br\u00fasenie; r\u00fdchlo prere\u017ee materi\u00e1l a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zanech\u00e1 hladk\u00fd povrch.<\/p>\n
Tvrd\u0161ie materi\u00e1ly si zvy\u010dajne vy\u017eaduj\u00fa hrub\u0161ie zrn\u00e1 v kot\u00fa\u010doch, zatia\u013e \u010do m\u00e4k\u0161ie materi\u00e1ly vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa sk\u00f4r kot\u00fa\u010de s jemnej\u0161\u00edm zrnom. Pri pr\u00e1ci s tvrd\u00fdmi a potenci\u00e1lne krehk\u00fdmi materi\u00e1lmi pom\u00e1haj\u00fa jemnej\u0161ie br\u00fasne zrn\u00e1 chr\u00e1ni\u0165 kot\u00fa\u010d aj obrobok alebo obr\u00e1bac\u00ed stroj pred n\u00e1hodn\u00fdm po\u0161koden\u00edm. Ke\u010f tieto jemnej\u0161ie zrn\u00e1 prebr\u00fasia materi\u00e1l, rozbij\u00fa ho na mal\u00e9 triesky, ktor\u00e9 sa daj\u00fa odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 z obrobku alebo obr\u00e1bacieho stroja. Ke\u010f sa abraz\u00edvne zrn\u00e1 opotrebuj\u00fa cez obrobok, odhalia sa nov\u00e9 \u010dastice. Tento proces sa opakuje, a\u017e k\u00fdm sa kot\u00fa\u010d nestane pr\u00edli\u0161 tenk\u00fdm na to, aby bol pou\u017eite\u013en\u00fd. P\u00f3rovit\u00e9 povrchy br\u00fasneho kot\u00fa\u010da umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa \u00fanik vzduchu po\u010das br\u00fasnych procesov, \u010d\u00edm pom\u00e1haj\u00fa predch\u00e1dza\u0165 nahromadeniu tepla, ktor\u00e9 by mohlo po\u0161kodi\u0165 jeho zrn\u00e1.<\/p>\n
Abraz\u00edvne materi\u00e1ly s\u00fa neoddelite\u013enou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou v\u00fdroby, od vyhladzovania zvarov na stavb\u00e1ch a\u017e po rezanie ocele pre automobilov\u00e9 motory. Typ brusiva pou\u017eit\u00e9ho v br\u00fasnom kot\u00fa\u010di ur\u010duje jeho r\u00fdchlos\u0165 aj \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165; okrem toho jeho hladk\u00fd alebo drsn\u00fd povrch z\u00e1vis\u00ed od ve\u013ekosti pou\u017eit\u00fdch z\u0155n; niektor\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly si vy\u017eaduj\u00fa jemnej\u0161ie br\u00fasenie, zatia\u013e \u010do in\u00e9 si vy\u017eaduj\u00fa hrub\u0161ie zrn\u00e1 na spr\u00e1vne preniknutie a odstr\u00e1nenie materi\u00e1lu obrobku.<\/p>\n
Br\u00fasny kot\u00fa\u010d sa sklad\u00e1 z dvoch zlo\u017eiek, z br\u00fasneho zrna a spojiva. Medzi tieto prvky m\u00f4\u017ee patri\u0165 oxid hlinit\u00fd, karbid krem\u00edka, zirk\u00f3nov\u00fd keramick\u00fd diamant alebo kubick\u00fd nitrid b\u00f3ru (CBN). Pokia\u013e ide o spojivo, m\u00f4\u017ee to by\u0165 bu\u010f sklovit\u00fd materi\u00e1l podobn\u00fd sklu, ako je oxid hlinit\u00fd, alebo m\u00f4\u017ee pozost\u00e1va\u0165 z organick\u00fdch molek\u00fal, ako je \u017eivica.<\/p>\n
Tento vyn\u00e1lez poskytuje br\u00fasny kot\u00fa\u010d obsahuj\u00faci n\u00edzkoteplotn\u00e9 sklen\u00e9 v\u00e4zby so zn\u00ed\u017eenou chemickou reaktivitou vo\u010di zrn\u00e1m karbidu krem\u00edka, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 dostato\u010dne por\u00e9zny na odstra\u0148ovanie \u00falomkov a pr\u00edvod chladiacej kvapaliny po\u010das pou\u017e\u00edvania. Nov\u00fd sp\u00f4sob v\u00fdroby tak\u00fdchto kot\u00fa\u010dov zah\u0155\u0148a zmie\u0161anie zelen\u00fdch br\u00fasnych z\u0155n karbidu krem\u00edka (zrnitos\u0165 60) s konven\u010dn\u00fdmi sklovit\u00fdmi spojmi na b\u00e1ze oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho a dut\u00fdmi keramick\u00fdmi gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dkami s cie\u013eom vytvori\u0165 z nich kot\u00fa\u010de pred ich podroben\u00edm cyklom s vysokou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou teplotn\u00fdch cyklov, ktor\u00e9 simuluj\u00fa priemyseln\u00fd v\u00fdrobn\u00fd cyklus.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Grinding wheels are tools containing an abrasive-bonded surface which uses various materials to remove material from workpieces. Their type and severity dictate which abrasives, grit sizes and grades must be used depending on what kind of task needs completing. Bonding of the abrasive grains together is of crucial importance, as it affects both speed and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[64],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-202","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=202"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":203,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202\/revisions\/203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=202"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=202"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=202"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}