Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds, ko bie\u017e\u0101k d\u0113v\u0113 par karborundu, ir \u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgi ciets sint\u0113tisks krist\u0101lisks savienojums, kas sast\u0101v no sil\u012bcija un oglek\u013ca un kam rakstur\u012bga augsta siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113ja, zems izple\u0161an\u0101s koeficients, iztur\u012bba pret \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101m reakcij\u0101m un pusvad\u012bt\u0101ja \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas.<\/p>\n
Dab\u0101 dabiskais analogs moizan\u012bts ir sastopams k\u0101 miner\u0101ls, ta\u010du \u013coti ierobe\u017eot\u0101 daudzum\u0101 tas atrodams tikai meteor\u012btos un kimberl\u012btu atradn\u0113s, t\u0101p\u0113c to ra\u017eo gandr\u012bz tikai sint\u0113tiski.<\/p>\n
Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds (SiC) ir ciets sil\u012bcija un oglek\u013ca savienojums, kas dab\u0101 sastopams k\u0101 miner\u0101ls moisan\u012bts Arizonas Kanjonas Diablo meteor\u012bta kr\u0101ter\u012b. Edvards A\u010dsons 1893. gad\u0101 s\u0101ka masveid\u0101 ra\u017eot SiC, lai to izmantotu k\u0101 r\u016bpniecisku abraz\u012bvu, ta\u010du kop\u0161 t\u0101 laika t\u0101 izmanto\u0161ana ir pla\u0161i izplat\u012bjusies, piem\u0113ram, automobi\u013cu bremz\u0113s\/skr\u016bv\u0113s\/v\u0101ci\u0146os, k\u0101 ilgm\u016b\u017e\u012bgas keramikas pamat\u0101.<\/p>\n
P\u0113c Mosa skalas ciet\u012bbas m\u0113r\u012bjumi to ierindo starp ciet\u0101kajiem materi\u0101liem, kas zin\u0101mi cilv\u0113cei, padarot to par vienu no visstingr\u0101kajiem materi\u0101liem. Turkl\u0101t t\u0101 \u013coti augst\u0101 ciet\u012bba (9 p\u0113c Mosa skalas) padara to pietiekami iztur\u012bgu pret triecieniem un nodilumu, k\u0101 ar\u012b iztur\u012bbu pret koroziju, un sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar l\u012bdz\u012bgiem materi\u0101liem tam ir zema siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113ja un izple\u0161an\u0101s \u0101trums. Turkl\u0101t bora, niobija vai alum\u012bnija dopinga izmanto\u0161ana \u013cauj tam k\u013c\u016bt par p tipa pusvad\u012bt\u0101ju materi\u0101lu.<\/p>\n
Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bdam ir bl\u012bva strukt\u016bra, ko veido oglek\u013ca un sil\u012bcija atomi, kas kovalenti savienoti \u010detru atomu sait\u0113s ar tetraedrisk\u0101m sait\u0113m, t\u0101p\u0113c ciet\u0101 viela ne\u0161\u0137\u012bst \u016bden\u012b, alkohol\u0101 un liel\u0101kaj\u0101 da\u013c\u0101 organisko savienojumu, bet \u0161\u0137\u012bst izkaus\u0113tos s\u0101rmos un dzelz\u012b. SiC izce\u013cas ar sav\u0101m fascin\u0113jo\u0161aj\u0101m elektriskaj\u0101m \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m; pretest\u012bba sv\u0101rst\u0101s vair\u0101k nek\u0101 septi\u0146u k\u0101rtu robe\u017e\u0101s, jo t\u0101 \u0137\u012bmiskaj\u0101 sast\u0101v\u0101 ir vair\u0101ki politipi.<\/p>\n
Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds ir \u013coti iztur\u012bgs un sp\u0113j iztur\u0113t lielu spiedienu. Turkl\u0101t t\u0101 ku\u0161anas temperat\u016bra p\u0101rsniedz 2000 gr\u0101dus p\u0113c Celsija un zemais termisk\u0101s izple\u0161an\u0101s koeficients padara to piem\u0113rotu izmanto\u0161anai augst\u0101s temperat\u016br\u0101s.<\/p>\n
1891. gad\u0101 Edvards Goodrich Acheson pirmais uzs\u0101ka t\u0101s komerci\u0101lo ra\u017eo\u0161anu. A\u010dons izmantoja ogles ogli k\u0101 elektrodu un sild\u012bja m\u0101la un pulverveida koksa mais\u012bjumu dzelzs trauk\u0101; izveidoj\u0101s spilgti za\u013ci krist\u0101li, kas bija \u013coti cieti un l\u012bdzin\u0101j\u0101s dimantiem; s\u0101kotn\u0113ji \u0161o savienojumu sauca par karborundu, bet m\u016bsdien\u0101s tas paz\u012bstams k\u0101 SiC.<\/p>\n
Ar oglek\u013ca \u0161\u0137iedru stiegrota plastmasa (CFRP) ir neticams materi\u0101ls un viena no ciet\u0101kaj\u0101m cilv\u0113kam zin\u0101maj\u0101m viel\u0101m, ar kuru konkur\u0113 tikai dimants, kubiskais bora nitr\u012bds un bora karb\u012bds. Oglek\u013ca \u0161\u0137iedra, kuras ciet\u012bbas r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101js p\u0113c Mosa skalas ir 9, tiek pla\u0161i izmantota visda\u017e\u0101d\u0101kaj\u0101s jom\u0101s: to var atrast k\u0101 abraz\u012bvu, piem\u0113ram, smil\u0161pap\u012br\u0101 un sl\u012bp\u0113\u0161anas ripi\u0146\u0101s, r\u016bpnieciskaj\u0101s kr\u0101sn\u012bs k\u0101 ugunsiztur\u012bgu materi\u0101lu kr\u0101sn\u012bm, k\u0101 griez\u0113jinstrumentu grie\u0161anas galdiem un pat automobi\u013cu bremz\u0113s\/skr\u016bv\u0113s!<\/p>\n
Keramikas \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101 inertums \u013cauj tai pretoties da\u017e\u0101du \u0137\u012bmisko vielu izrais\u012btai korozijai un saglab\u0101t iztur\u012bbu pla\u0161\u0101 temperat\u016bras diapazon\u0101. Keramika ir ar\u012b neat\u0146emama sast\u0101vda\u013ca kompoz\u012btmateri\u0101lu bru\u0146u sist\u0113m\u0101s, kas ir efekt\u012bvas gan pret pa\u0161reiz\u0113jiem, gan jauniem ballistiskiem draudiem, tostarp Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics & Refractories augstas veiktsp\u0113jas viegla SiC keramika, piem\u0113ram, reakcijas saist\u012btais SiC (RBSC), sa\u0137epin\u0101tais SiC un karborunds, kas paredz\u0113ts \u0161im nol\u016bkam.<\/p>\n
Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds t\u012br\u0101 veid\u0101 parasti ir izolators, tom\u0113r, pievienojot piemais\u012bjumus vai dopingu, tam var b\u016bt pusvado\u0161as \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas. Turkl\u0101t \u0161im materi\u0101lam piem\u012bt izcilas iztur\u012bbas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas lietojumiem augst\u0101s temperat\u016br\u0101s; turkl\u0101t tas var lepoties ar zemu neitronu \u0161\u0137\u0113rsgriezumu un iztur\u012bbu pret radi\u0101cijas boj\u0101jumiem.<\/p>\n
SiC siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113ja ir atkar\u012bga no t\u0101 strukt\u016bras un krist\u0101la lieluma. T\u0101pat k\u0101 liel\u0101kajai da\u013cai cieto vielu, t\u0101 siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113ja palielin\u0101s, pieaugot temperat\u016brai. Monokrist\u0101liskam SiC ir augsta siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113ja, bet polikrist\u0101liskam SiC ir tendence b\u016bt ar zem\u0101k\u0101m v\u0113rt\u012bb\u0101m, jo graudi izklied\u0113ti nejau\u0161i, kas veicina virsmas izkliedes efektu.<\/p>\n
Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds ir da\u017e\u0101du polimorfu, no kuriem vispla\u0161\u0101k paz\u012bstamais ir alfa sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds (a-SiC). A-SiC ir se\u0161st\u016braina krist\u0101lisk\u0101 strukt\u016bra, kas l\u012bdz\u012bga virtc\u012bta krist\u0101la strukt\u016brai; beta modifik\u0101cijas b-SiC ir cinka blende krist\u0101lisk\u0101 strukt\u016bra, kas l\u012bdz\u012bga dimanta strukt\u016brai, un ret\u0101k sastopam\u0101s formas var pat kalpot k\u0101 katalizatoru atbalsta materi\u0101li.<\/p>\n
Lai izp\u0113t\u012btu, k\u0101 sint\u0113zes process ietekm\u0113ja a-SiC un b-SiC mikrostrukt\u016bru un siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113ju, tika ieg\u016bti jaun\u0101kie a-SiC un b-SiC SEM att\u0113li. Rezult\u0101ti par\u0101d\u012bja, ka a-SiC siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113ja samazin\u0101j\u0101s, palielinoties kakli\u0146a izm\u0113ram, kas liecina par dif\u016bz\u0101s virsmas izkliedes c\u0113loni. Turpret\u012b b-SiC siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113ja palielin\u0101j\u0101s, palielinoties kakli\u0146a izm\u0113ram; \u0161\u012b tendence atbilst Kallaveja-Hollanda mode\u013ca prognoz\u0113m par siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113jas atkar\u012bbu no temperat\u016bras fononiskiem krist\u0101liem.<\/p>\n
Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds, ciets \u0137\u012bmisks savienojums, kas sast\u0101v no sil\u012bcija dioks\u012bda un oglek\u013ca, tiek pla\u0161i izmantots k\u0101 abraz\u012bvs lapid\u0101rij\u0101 un r\u016bpniec\u012bb\u0101, piem\u0113ram, sl\u012bp\u0113\u0161anai ar smil\u0161pap\u012bru, sl\u012bp\u0113\u0161anai, grie\u0161anai ar \u016bdens str\u016bklu un smil\u0161u str\u016bklas iek\u0101rt\u0101m. Ar\u012b ugunsiztur\u012bgajos oder\u0113jumos, sildelementos un deg\u013cu sprausl\u0101s bie\u017ei izmanto \u0161o karstumiztur\u012bgo materi\u0101lu ar \u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgi iztur\u012bgo Mosa ciet\u012bbu 9. Turkl\u0101t sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds ir \u0137\u012bmiski inerts un iztur\u012bgs ar\u012b pret s\u0101lssk\u0101bes, s\u0113rsk\u0101bes un fluor\u016bde\u0146ra\u017esk\u0101bes koroziju.<\/p>\n
Elektriski t\u012br\u0101 veid\u0101 SiC parasti ir izolators; tom\u0113r ar noteiktiem piedevu vai dopinga a\u0123entiem tam var piemist pusvad\u012bt\u0101ju \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas, piem\u0113ram, n tipa vad\u012btsp\u0113ja, pateicoties elektronu p\u0101ru apmai\u0146ai tetraedrisk\u0101s kovalent\u0101s saites strukt\u016br\u0101, izmantojot t\u0101 saukt\u0101s sp3 hibr\u012bd orbit\u0101les.<\/p>\n
SiC monokrist\u0101liem ar rakstur\u012bgo elektrovad\u012btsp\u0113ju aptuveni 3,1 +-0,2 eV ir augst\u0101ka elektrovad\u012btsp\u0113ja nek\u0101 t\u012bram sil\u012bcijam vai gallija nitr\u012bdam, kas liecina, ka tie var\u0113tu nodro\u0161in\u0101t lab\u0101ku elektrovad\u012btsp\u0113ju elektriskajiem lietojumiem.<\/p>\n
Henan Superior Abrasives sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda izstr\u0101d\u0101jumi ir ide\u0101li piem\u0113roti izmanto\u0161anai elektroniskaj\u0101s ier\u012bc\u0113s, jo to iztur\u012bba pret spriegumu ir 10 reizes liel\u0101ka nek\u0101 parastajam sil\u012bcijam un lab\u0101ka nek\u0101 gallija nitr\u012bda iztur\u012bba! Turkl\u0101t m\u016bsu pied\u0101v\u0101tajam augstas kvalit\u0101tes sil\u012bcija karb\u012bdu kl\u0101stam piem\u012bt izcilas oksid\u0101cijas un termisko triecienu iztur\u012bbas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas, kas padara \u0161o materi\u0101lu ide\u0101li piem\u0113rotu elektronisko ier\u012b\u010du lietojumiem. T\u0101 k\u0101 m\u0113s esam ap\u0146\u0113mu\u0161ies nodro\u0161in\u0101t klientu apmierin\u0101t\u012bbu un izcil\u012bbu, varat r\u0113\u0137in\u0101ties ar to, ka m\u0113s pied\u0101v\u0101sim tikai lab\u0101ko! Zvaniet mums, lai uzzin\u0101tu vair\u0101k inform\u0101cijas par m\u016bsu produktiem! Sazinieties ar mums, lai uzzin\u0101tu vair\u0101k!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Silicon carbide, more commonly referred to as carborundum, is an extremely hard synthetic crystalline compound made up of silicon and carbon characterized by high thermal conductivity, low coefficient of expansion, resistance to chemical reaction and semiconducting capabilities. Moissanite, its natural counterpart, occurs as a mineral but can only be found in very limited amounts in […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[64],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-352","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/352","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=352"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/352\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":353,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/352\/revisions\/353"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=352"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=352"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=352"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}