A szil\u00edciumkarbid vagy karborundum () egy kem\u00e9ny ker\u00e1mia, amelyet el\u0151sz\u00f6r 1893-ban \u00e1ll\u00edtottak el\u0151 t\u00f6megesen csiszol\u00f3anyagk\u00e9nt val\u00f3 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sra. B\u00e1r term\u00e9szetes el\u0151fordul\u00e1sa l\u00e9tezik (moissanit dr\u00e1gak\u00f6vek \u00e9s kis mennyis\u00e9gben korundnak nevezett vulk\u00e1ni k\u0151zet), a legt\u00f6bb modernkori felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1s szintetikus \u00faton t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik.<\/p>\n
A SiC-r\u0151l ismert, hogy nagy f\u00e1rad\u00e1si ellen\u00e1ll\u00e1ssal, magas h\u0151vezet\u0151 k\u00e9pess\u00e9ggel \u00e9s alacsony t\u00e1gul\u00e1si egy\u00fctthat\u00f3val rendelkezik; \u00edgy alkalmas a gy\u00e1rt\u00e1sra, hogy ellen\u00e1lljon a magas h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleteknek, mik\u00f6zben korr\u00f3zi\u00f3s k\u00f6rnyezetben is er\u0151s marad.<\/p>\n
A szil\u00edciumkarbid egyike azon kev\u00e9s anyagoknak, amelyek szobah\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleten nagy h\u0151vezet\u0151 k\u00e9pess\u00e9ggel rendelkeznek. Kem\u00e9ny, merev \u00e9s h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet-stabil term\u00e9szete miatt a szil\u00edciumkarbid kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 anyag a csillag\u00e1szok \u00e1ltal haszn\u00e1lt t\u00e1vcs\u0151t\u00fckr\u00f6kben val\u00f3 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sra.<\/p>\n
A s\u0171r\u0171s\u00e9gf\u00fcggv\u00e9ny-elm\u00e9letet haszn\u00e1lt\u00e1k a k\u00f6b\u00f6s szil\u00edciumkarbid (3C-SiC) szerkezeti param\u00e9tereinek \u00e9s v\u00e9ges h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet\u0171 termofizikai tulajdons\u00e1gainak szisztematikus elm\u00e9leti vizsg\u00e1lat\u00e1ra. A rugalmass\u00e1gi \u00e1lland\u00f3kra \u00e9s a Knoop-mikrokem\u00e9nys\u00e9gre vonatkoz\u00f3 eredm\u00e9nyeink kiel\u00e9g\u00edt\u0151 egyez\u00e9st mutattak a k\u00eds\u00e9rleti adatokkal, valamint a m\u00e1shol publik\u00e1lt sz\u00e1m\u00edtott eredm\u00e9nyekkel.<\/p>\n
Optimaliz\u00e1lt szerkezeti modellek alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1val a ZrC, TiC \u00e9s SiC hibak\u00e9pz\u0151d\u00e9si energi\u00e1inak atomi szint\u0171 becsl\u00e9s\u00e9t is megkaptuk. Az eredm\u00e9nyek azt mutatt\u00e1k, hogy a Debye-h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet cs\u00f6kken a hibaatomok sz\u00e1m\u00e1nak n\u00f6veked\u00e9s\u00e9vel, m\u00edg a CZr antiszit \u00e9s a VC hib\u00e1k alacsonyabb k\u00e9pz\u0151d\u00e9si energi\u00e1t mutatnak, mint a VSi \u00e9s Sit hib\u00e1k; a k\u00e9pz\u0151d\u00e9si energia cs\u00f6kken\u00e9se hat\u00e1ssal lehet a 3C-SiC szerkezetek egytengely\u0171 \u00e9s ny\u00edr\u00e1si deform\u00e1ci\u00f3val szembeni ellen\u00e1ll\u00e1s\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n
A szil\u00edciumkarbid az egyik legkem\u00e9nyebb \u00e9s legh\u0151vezet\u0151bb anyag, amely a term\u00e9szetben megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3, ellen\u00e1ll a savak \u00e9s a l\u00fagok t\u00e1mad\u00e1sainak, mik\u00f6zben szil\u00e1rds\u00e1gveszt\u00e9s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl 1600 \u00b0C-ig h\u0151\u00e1ll\u00f3. A szil\u00edciumkarbid tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 elektromos vezet\u0151.<\/p>\n
A szil\u00edcium-karbid sz\u00e9les s\u00e1vsz\u00e9less\u00e9ge alkalmass\u00e1 teszi a f\u00e9lvezet\u0151 eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kben, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul di\u00f3d\u00e1kban, tranzisztorokban \u00e9s tirisztorokban val\u00f3 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sra, m\u00edg a nagy fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gek \u00e9s \u00e1ramok elvisel\u00e9s\u00e9re val\u00f3 k\u00e9pess\u00e9ge a nagy teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny\u0171 teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny\u0171 eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kben is hasznoss\u00e1 teszi.<\/p>\n
A por\u00f3zus SiC graf\u00e9n nanoplateletek (GNP-k) hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1s\u00e1val megv\u00e1ltoztathat\u00f3, \u00e9s \u00edgy egy olyan anyagot hoz l\u00e9tre, amely fokozott h\u0151tani tulajdons\u00e1gokkal rendelkezik. Ez az anyag szt\u00f6chiometrikus vagy nem szt\u00f6chiometrikus SiC por folyad\u00e9kf\u00e1zis\u00fa szikraplazmaszinterez\u00e9s\u00e9vel \u00e1ll\u00edthat\u00f3 el\u0151; a szinterel\u00e9st seg\u00edt\u0151 anyagok (Y2O3 \u00e9s La2O3) k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3it vizsg\u00e1lt\u00e1k, hogy \u00e9rt\u00e9kelj\u00e9k a f\u00e1zis\u00f6sszet\u00e9telre, mikroszerkezetre \u00e9s h\u0151vezet\u0151 k\u00e9pess\u00e9gre gyakorolt hat\u00e1sukat a legfeljebb 20 t\u00e9rfogatsz\u00e1zal\u00e9kos GNP-tartalm\u00fa por\u00f3zus anyagokban; a legfeljebb 20% GNP-tartalm\u00fa kompozitokn\u00e1l nem monoton h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kletf\u00fcgg\u00e9st figyeltek meg.<\/p>\n
A SiC krist\u00e1lyr\u00e1cs\u00e1ban l\u00e9v\u0151 szil\u00edcium- \u00e9s sz\u00e9natomok egyed\u00fcl\u00e1ll\u00f3 \u00f6sszet\u00e9tele figyelemre m\u00e9lt\u00f3 mechanikai tulajdons\u00e1gokkal ruh\u00e1zza fel, amelyek az egyik legkem\u00e9nyebb \u00e9s legkem\u00e9nyebb ker\u00e1miaanyagg\u00e1 teszik. Rendk\u00edv\u00fcl ellen\u00e1ll a savak, l\u00fagok, olvadt s\u00f3k okozta korr\u00f3zi\u00f3nak, valamint a kop\u00e1snak; merevs\u00e9ge \u00e9s szil\u00e1rds\u00e1ga miatt a SiC vonz\u00f3 anyagv\u00e1laszt\u00e1s a kop\u00e1s\u00e1ll\u00f3 alkatr\u00e9szek, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a malmokban, expanzi\u00f3s vagy extrud\u00e1l\u00f3 berendez\u00e9sekben haszn\u00e1lt csiszol\u00f3korongok vagy f\u00far\u00f3sz\u00e1rak sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra is.<\/p>\n
A k\u00f6nny\u0171 s\u00faly mellett a ker\u00e1mia anyag kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 h\u0151sokk\u00e1ll\u00f3s\u00e1got mutat - ak\u00e1r 1600 fokos h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kletet is kib\u00edr an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy mechanikai tulajdons\u00e1gait vagy h\u0151t\u00e1gul\u00e1s\u00e1t elvesz\u00edten\u00e9, alacsony h\u0151t\u00e1gul\u00e1si r\u00e1t\u00e1val \u00e9s kiv\u00e9telesen magas Young-modullal, amely biztos\u00edtja a m\u00e9retstabilit\u00e1st.<\/p>\n
A por\u00f3zus SiC-ker\u00e1mi\u00e1k porozit\u00e1sa a kialak\u00edt\u00e1suk m\u00f3dj\u00e1t\u00f3l (reakci\u00f3k\u00f6t\u00e9s vagy szinterez\u00e9s) f\u00fcgg\u0151en v\u00e1ltozik. Tanulm\u00e1nyok kimutatt\u00e1k, hogy mind az elektromos vezet\u0151k\u00e9pess\u00e9g, mind a hajl\u00edt\u00f3szil\u00e1rds\u00e1g n\u0151 a B4C-tartalom n\u00f6veked\u00e9s\u00e9vel, ami annak k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151, hogy k\u00e9pes oxig\u00e9nt adszorbe\u00e1lni a Si-C m\u00e1trixanyagb\u00f3l, \u00e9s \u00edgy cs\u00f6kkenti a fononok sz\u00f3r\u00e1si hossz\u00e1t.<\/p>\n
A szil\u00edciumkarbidot csiszol\u00f3anyagk\u00e9nt \u00e9s v\u00e1g\u00f3szersz\u00e1mk\u00e9nt egyar\u00e1nt haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k a gy\u00e1rt\u00e1sban. Kem\u00e9ny \u00e9s h\u0151\u00e1ll\u00f3 fel\u00fclete miatt a szil\u00edciumkarbid elektronikus f\u00e9lvezet\u0151k\u00e9nt is megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a di\u00f3d\u00e1kban \u00e9s tranzisztorokban, mivel fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gt\u0171r\u00e9se meghaladja a szil\u00edcium\u00e9t.<\/p>\n
A szil\u00edciumkarbid kem\u00e9nys\u00e9ge, korr\u00f3zi\u00f3\u00e1ll\u00f3s\u00e1ga \u00e9s magas h\u0151vezet\u0151 k\u00e9pess\u00e9ge miatt kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 anyag az olyan v\u00e9d\u0151felszerel\u00e9sekhez, mint a sisakok \u00e9s p\u00e1nc\u00e9llemezek. Tov\u00e1bb\u00e1, k\u00e9miai inertit\u00e1sa azt jelenti, hogy nem l\u00e9p reakci\u00f3ba a v\u00edzzel, \u00edgy ide\u00e1lis a magas p\u00e1ratartalm\u00fa k\u00f6rnyezetben, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul \u0171rhaj\u00f3kon \u00e9s tengeri k\u00f6rnyezetben t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sra.<\/p>\n
Az \u00e1tkrist\u00e1lyos\u00edtott szil\u00edciumkarbid (RSiC) a mechanikai, termikus \u00e9s elektromos tulajdons\u00e1gok p\u00e1ratlan kever\u00e9k\u00e9vel b\u00fcszk\u00e9lkedhet, mint b\u00e1rmely m\u00e1s SiC-v\u00e1ltozat. S\u0171r\u0171 mikroszerkezete alacsony t\u00e1gul\u00e1si egy\u00fctthat\u00f3t biztos\u00edt az RSiC-nek, mik\u00f6zben magas h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleten is meg\u0151rzi szil\u00e1rds\u00e1g\u00e1t \u00e9s merevs\u00e9g\u00e9t; emellett viszonylag magasabb rugalmass\u00e1gi modulus \u00e9rt\u00e9keket mutat, mint a szerkezeti cirk\u00f3nium-dioxid ker\u00e1mia, \u00e9s a szerkezeti cirk\u00f3nium-dioxid ker\u00e1mi\u00e1hoz k\u00e9pest alacsony h\u0151t\u00e1gul\u00e1si egy\u00fctthat\u00f3 \u00e9rt\u00e9kekkel rendelkezik.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Silicon carbide, or carborundum (), is a hard ceramic first mass-produced in 1893 for use as an abrasive. While natural instances exist (moissanite gems and small quantities as an igneous rock called corundum), most modern day usage occurs synthetically. SiC is known to exhibit high fatigue resistance, high thermal conductivity and a low coefficient of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[64],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/190","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=190"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/190\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":191,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/190\/revisions\/191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=190"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=190"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=190"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}