Pr\u00e1\u0161ek karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku se pro svou tvrdost hojn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i abrazivn\u00edm obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed, jako je brou\u0161en\u00ed, honov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed vodn\u00edm paprskem a p\u00edskov\u00e1n\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho se karbid k\u0159em\u00edku pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00fdch vest\u00e1ch k tlumen\u00ed n\u00e1raz\u016f st\u0159el.<\/p>\n
Karborundov\u00e1 dr\u0165 je \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm brusivem v modern\u00edch lapid\u00e1rn\u00edch aplikac\u00edch. Krom\u011b toho jej lze nal\u00e9zt jako sou\u010d\u00e1st karborundov\u00e9 kolografick\u00e9 techniky tisku.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku v pr\u00e1\u0161ku je synteticky vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e1 tvrd\u00e1 krystalick\u00e1 slou\u010denina k\u0159em\u00edku a uhl\u00edku s tvrdost\u00ed 9,5 stupn\u011b Mohsovy stupnice, co\u017e jej \u0159ad\u00ed mezi diamant a korund jako jeden z nejtvrd\u0161\u00edch b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch brusn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f. Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k brou\u0161en\u00ed, trysk\u00e1n\u00ed, lapov\u00e1n\u00ed a chemick\u00e9 odolnosti p\u0159i zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch; jako brusn\u00fd materi\u00e1l m\u00e1 mnohostrann\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Edward Acheson poprv\u00e9 um\u011ble syntetizoval moisanit v roce 1891, kdy\u017e elektricky zah\u0159\u00e1l sm\u011bs j\u00edlu (k\u0159emi\u010ditanu hlinit\u00e9ho) a pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9ho koksu. Acheson p\u0159i elektrick\u00e9m zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9 sm\u011bsi pozoroval mal\u00e9 \u010dern\u00e9 krystalky; Acheson se domn\u00edval, \u017ee jeho slou\u010denina p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 korund (drahokam podobn\u00fd tvrdost\u00ed diamantu), zat\u00edmco nositel Nobelovy ceny za chemii Henri Moissan pozd\u011bji pozoroval jeho p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed formu v podob\u011b krystal\u016f moisanitu v ka\u0148onu Diablo v Kalifornii jako pr\u016fhledn\u00e9 krystaly miner\u00e1lu moisanitu.<\/p>\n
SiC je vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e1 keramika, kter\u00e1 se vyzna\u010duje vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed stabilitou a n\u00edzkou tepelnou rozta\u017enost\u00ed p\u0159i zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed na extr\u00e9mn\u011b vysok\u00e9 teploty a nab\u00edz\u00ed chemickou \u010distotu a odolnost v\u016f\u010di oxidaci p\u0159i t\u011bchto extr\u00e9mn\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch. D\u00edky tomu se SiC hojn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako podp\u011bry a podlo\u017eky pro desti\u010dky v pec\u00edch na v\u00fdrobu polovodi\u010d\u016f i v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch pec\u00edch a raketov\u00fdch motorech a pro substr\u00e1ty sv\u011bteln\u00fdch diod. Zelen\u00fd karbid k\u0159em\u00edku spole\u010dnosti Panadyne dos\u00e1hl \u010distoty p\u0159es 99%, \u010d\u00edm\u017e p\u0159ekonal normy JIS, ISO a FEPA!<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku (SiC) je jedn\u00edm z nejtvrd\u0161\u00edch dostupn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f s tvrdost\u00ed 9 stup\u0148\u016f podle Mohsovy stupnice.I p\u0159es svou tvrdost vykazuje vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed tepelnou vodivost a m\u016f\u017ee pracovat p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, ani\u017e by po\u0161kodil sebe nebo okoln\u00ed struktury.<\/p>\n
SiC se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dv\u011bma hlavn\u00edmi zp\u016fsoby - reak\u010dn\u00ed vazbou nebo slinov\u00e1n\u00edm. Oba procesy v\u00fdznamn\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed mikrostrukturu kone\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f z SiC; reak\u010dn\u011b v\u00e1zan\u00fd SiC lze vyrobit infiltrac\u00ed kompakt\u016f sm\u011bsi uhl\u00edku a k\u0159em\u00edku kapaln\u00fdm k\u0159em\u00edkem, kter\u00fd spoj\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice, zat\u00edmco slinov\u00e1n\u00ed zahrnuje vypalov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9ho SiC p\u0159i teplot\u00e1ch p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00edch 2000oC po dobu nejm\u00e9n\u011b jedn\u00e9 hodiny v inertn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Ob\u011b metody vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed ingoty SiC s vrstevnatou krystalovou strukturou, kter\u00e9 se n\u00e1sledn\u011b \u0159e\u017eou a t\u0159\u00edd\u00ed na zelen\u00fd nebo \u010dern\u00fd SiC, vhodn\u00fd pro r\u016fzn\u00e1 pou\u017eit\u00ed v aplikac\u00edch, jako jsou brusiva, \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly a metalurgie.<\/p>\n
P\u0159i Ramanov\u011b spektroskopii vykazuj\u00ed mikropr\u00e1\u0161ky SiC obvykle siln\u00e9 p\u00edky, kter\u00e9 odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed jak p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fdm optick\u00fdm (TO), tak pod\u00e9ln\u00fdm optick\u00fdm (LO) fonon\u016fm; to nazna\u010duje, \u017ee jejich syntetick\u00fd materi\u00e1l pat\u0159\u00ed k polytypu 3C.<\/p>\n
Moissanit, p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed miner\u00e1ln\u00ed forma karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku, je velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00fd a vyskytuje se pouze v omezen\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed v meteoritech, lo\u017eisc\u00edch korundu a kimberlitech. V\u011bt\u0161ina komer\u010dn\u011b prod\u00e1van\u00e9ho SiC (v\u010detn\u011b \u0161perk\u016f z moissanitu) je dnes syntetick\u00e1. V\u00fdroba um\u011bl\u00e9ho karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku za\u010dala kolem roku 1891 a brzy pot\u00e9 se z tohoto materi\u00e1lu za\u010daly vyr\u00e1b\u011bt pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 brusn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly; vyu\u017e\u00edvaly ho tak\u00e9 prvn\u00ed radiov\u00e9 detektory a sv\u011bteln\u00e9 diody (LED).<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je chemicky inertn\u00ed a odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di korozi v\u011bt\u0161inou kyselin (chlorovod\u00edkovou, s\u00edrovou a fluorovod\u00edkovou) a z\u00e1sad (koncentrovan\u00e9 hydroxidy sod\u00edku). Krom\u011b toho je d\u00edky sv\u00e9 tvrdosti ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro podp\u016frn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravky na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed polovodi\u010dov\u00fdch desti\u010dek vyroben\u00e9 z k\u0159emene; tento materi\u00e1l se v\u0161ak p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch deformuje a p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouh\u00e9m p\u016fsoben\u00ed se opot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm chemik\u00e1liemi, jako je kyselina fluorovod\u00edkov\u00e1. Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je d\u00edky sv\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 inertnosti tak\u00e9 vynikaj\u00edc\u00edm podp\u016frn\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem, proto\u017ee je odoln\u00fd.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku se v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b vyskytuje jako pr\u016fhledn\u00fd miner\u00e1l zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako moissanit. Poprv\u00e9 byl identifikov\u00e1n v roce 1893 nositelem Nobelovy ceny za chemii Henrim Moissanem v arizonsk\u00e9m meteoritu z oblasti Canyon Diablo nositelem Nobelovy ceny Henrim Moissanem jako nekrystalick\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd byl poprv\u00e9 v historii pozorov\u00e1n v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b, a tento objev znamenal jeho debut v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b.<\/p>\n
RSiC je keramick\u00e1 slou\u010denina slo\u017een\u00e1 z k\u0159em\u00edku a uhl\u00edku s pom\u011brem Si a C 4:1 a hustotou 3,21 g cm-3. A\u010dkoli je tento materi\u00e1l nerozpustn\u00fd ve vod\u011b, lze jej rozpustit v alk\u00e1li\u00edch (NaOH nebo KOH) i v roztoc\u00edch obsahuj\u00edc\u00edch \u017eelezo (NaF).<\/p>\n
RSiC se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro svou tvrdost p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch abrazivn\u00edch obr\u00e1b\u011bc\u00edch procesech, jako je brou\u0161en\u00ed, honov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed vodn\u00edm paprskem. Krom\u011b toho je d\u00edky sv\u00fdm vlastnostem podp\u016frn\u00e9ho a odkl\u00e1dac\u00edho materi\u00e1lu u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd ve vysokoteplotn\u00edch pec\u00edch pro vypalov\u00e1n\u00ed skla, keramiky nebo taven\u00ed kov\u016f; d\u00e1le slou\u017e\u00ed jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed slo\u017eka nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00fdch vest, automobilov\u00fdch brzd a spojek, vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 keramiky, jako jsou sv\u011bteln\u00e9 diody.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je jedn\u00edm z nejtvrd\u0161\u00edch zn\u00e1m\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, srovnateln\u00fd s diamantem a karbidem boru. Nav\u00edc jeho odolnost proti ot\u011bru a tepeln\u00e9mu nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159esahuje 1400 stup\u0148\u016f C pro vysokoteplotn\u00ed aplikace, jako je obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed nebo p\u00edskov\u00e1n\u00ed brusivem. Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku nav\u00edc odol\u00e1v\u00e1 korozi kysel\u00fdmi chemik\u00e1liemi pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdmi p\u0159i t\u011bchto \u00fakonech - ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro pou\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch!<\/p>\n
Trvanlivost lze m\u011b\u0159it pomoc\u00ed odolnosti proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, co\u017e je aspekt, kter\u00fd lze ur\u010dit pomoc\u00ed t\u0159ec\u00edch zkou\u0161ek. V\u00fdsledky test\u016f ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee karbid k\u0159em\u00edku p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed oceli pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdy, pokud jde o odolnost proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed ve v\u0161ech typech p\u016fd; zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdpl\u0148ov\u00fd svar F-61 se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm obsahem niobu vykazuje za podobn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvakr\u00e1t ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed intenzitu opot\u0159eben\u00ed ne\u017e ocel XAR 600.<\/p>\n
Keramika SiC m\u00e1 v\u00fdjime\u010dnou mikrostrukturu, kter\u00e1 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti s v\u00fdjime\u010dnou tepelnou vodivost\u00ed a n\u00edzk\u00fdm koeficientem rozta\u017enosti, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e je vhodn\u00e1 pro vysokoteplotn\u00ed aplikace i pro agresivn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, nap\u0159. odolnost proti korozi. Krom\u011b toho je d\u00edky sv\u00e9 schopnosti odol\u00e1vat siln\u00fdm n\u00e1raz\u016fm vysoce odoln\u00e1 a m\u00e1 skv\u011bl\u00e9 nosn\u00e9 vlastnosti - vlastnosti, kter\u00e9 z t\u00e9to keramiky \u010din\u00ed atraktivn\u00ed volbu pro pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed, jako je obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed a p\u00edskov\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee se dod\u00e1v\u00e1 v \u0159ad\u011b velikost\u00ed zrn od hrub\u00fdch a\u017e po jemn\u00e9.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Silicon carbide powder is widely utilized for its hardness in abrasive machining processes such as grinding, honing, water-jet cutting and sandblasting. Additionally, bulletproof vests use silicon carbide to absorb projectile impacts. Carborundum grit is a widely used abrasive in modern lapidary applications. Additionally, it can be found as part of the carborundum collagraph printing technique. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[64],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-98","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=98"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":99,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98\/revisions\/99"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=98"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=98"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=98"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}