Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku (SiC) je \u0161iroce vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n v r\u016fzn\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch d\u00edky sv\u00fdm v\u0161estrann\u00fdm vlastnostem, kter\u00e9 jej \u010din\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u00fdm ve vysokonap\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch v\u00fdkonov\u00fdch polovodi\u010dov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad m\u011bni\u010de pro elektrick\u00e1 vozidla.<\/p>\n
Keramick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, jako je tento \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fd a keramick\u00fd materi\u00e1l, se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed odolnost\u00ed v\u016f\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m a tepeln\u00fdm \u0161ok\u016fm, maj\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed mechanickou pevnost a velmi n\u00edzkou m\u00edru rozta\u017enosti.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je tvrd\u00fd a hou\u017eevnat\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd se d\u00edky sv\u00fdm stabiln\u00edm chemick\u00fdm vlastnostem, vysok\u00e9 tepeln\u00e9 vodivosti, n\u00edzk\u00e9mu koeficientu rozta\u017enosti a odolnosti proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed hojn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v r\u016fzn\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch procesech. Z karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku lze vyr\u00e1b\u011bt r\u016fzn\u00e9 brusn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky v\u010detn\u011b brusn\u00fdch kotou\u010d\u016f, brusn\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f, brusn\u00fdch p\u00e1s\u016f, olejov\u00fdch kamen\u016f, brusn\u00fdch blok\u016f a brusn\u00fdch hlavic k \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed kov\u016f, keramiky, skla a ne\u017eelezn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f - a tak\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i p\u00edskov\u00e1n\u00ed k odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed barvy, rzi nebo jak\u00fdchkoli povrchov\u00fdch ne\u010distot ze zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch povrch\u016f.<\/p>\n
Brusn\u00fd karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je d\u00edky sv\u00e9 trvanlivosti a cenov\u00e9 dostupnosti st\u00e1le obl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed volbou v modern\u00edm lapid\u00e1riu. Je k dispozici v r\u016fzn\u00fdch zrnitostech, kter\u00e9 vyhovuj\u00ed pot\u0159eb\u00e1m p\u0159i \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed nebo le\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kamene. Spole\u010dnosti zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se elektronikou jej vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 k v\u00fdrob\u011b spojovac\u00edch f\u00f3li\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed vyle\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vysoce kvalitn\u00edch optick\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken do po\u017eadovan\u00e9 hladkosti p\u0159ed jejich spojen\u00edm.<\/p>\n
\u010cern\u00fd karbid k\u0159em\u00edku (n\u011bkdy zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako tetragon\u00e1ln\u00ed SiC nebo 3C-SiC) je polot\u0159\u00ed\u0161tiv\u00e9 brusivo se st\u0159edn\u00ed hustotou, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 dobrou odolnost proti korozi, ale men\u0161\u00ed odolnost proti kyselin\u00e1m ne\u017e slinut\u00fd karbid k\u0159em\u00edku. \u010cern\u00fd karbid k\u0159em\u00edku, kter\u00fd je navr\u017een jako vitrifikovan\u00fd nebo prysky\u0159ic\u00ed pojen\u00fd procesn\u00ed produkt, nab\u00edz\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti korozi, ale men\u0161\u00ed odolnost proti kyselin\u00e1m ne\u017e slinut\u00fd SiC.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je extr\u00e9mn\u011b odoln\u00fd \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v pec\u00edch, pec\u00edch a dal\u0161\u00edch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch. Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku odol\u00e1v\u00e1 teplot\u00e1m a\u017e 982 \u00b0C, kyselin\u00e1m, louh\u016fm a dal\u0161\u00edm korozivn\u00edm chemik\u00e1li\u00edm a m\u00e1 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed tepelnou vodivost a pevnostn\u00ed vlastnosti; poskytuje spolehlivou ochranu p\u0159ed extr\u00e9mn\u00edmi podm\u00ednkami.<\/p>\n
P\u0159i taven\u00ed v odporov\u00e9 peci se ze surovin, jako je k\u0159emenn\u00fd p\u00edsek, ropn\u00fd koks a d\u0159evn\u00ed \u0161t\u011bpka, vyr\u00e1b\u00ed vysoce kvalitn\u00ed ocel, kter\u00e1 se pak d\u00e1le rafinuje chemick\u00fdm zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm, aby se z\u00edskaly r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy oceli s r\u016fznou velikost\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stic a r\u016fzn\u00fdmi vlastnostmi pro r\u016fzn\u00e1 pou\u017eit\u00ed. Ocel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 aplikace i v\u00fdroba keramiky maj\u00ed velk\u00fd prosp\u011bch z pou\u017eit\u00ed ocel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho \u0161rotu pro v\u00fdrobu ocel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch sochor\u016f; nav\u00edc je d\u00edky sv\u00e9 univerz\u00e1lnosti u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd i v izola\u010dn\u00edch a vyzd\u00edvac\u00edch aplikac\u00edch, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad vyzd\u00edvky pecn\u00edch kel\u00edmk\u016f mufl\u00ed komory.<\/p>\n
Karborundum je tvrd\u00e1 krystalick\u00e1 slou\u010denina k\u0159em\u00edku a uhl\u00edku s chemick\u00fdm vzorcem SiC, kter\u00e1 je b\u011b\u017en\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako karborundum. A\u010dkoli se v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b vyskytuje jako moissanit ve velmi omezen\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed, nej\u010dast\u011bji se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed synteticky pro pou\u017eit\u00ed jako brusn\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ek a v\u00fdrobu drah\u00fdch kamen\u016f. Karborundum nach\u00e1z\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed jako brusn\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ek ve v\u00fdrobc\u00edch, jako jsou brusn\u00e9 kotou\u010de, \u0159ezn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje a smirkov\u00fd pap\u00edr; z jeho v\u00fdroby se tak\u00e9 vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 cihly pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v pec\u00edch a pec\u00edch a tak\u00e9 se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v pokro\u010dil\u00fdch elektronick\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00edch vysok\u00e9 teploty\/nap\u011bt\u00ed, jako jsou sv\u011bteln\u00e9 diody (LED) pro prvn\u00ed r\u00e1diov\u00e9 p\u0159ij\u00edma\u010de.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku se ji\u017e dlouho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v brusivech a \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fdch materi\u00e1lech, ale jeho elektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti jsou postupem \u010dasu st\u00e1le pozoruhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Jedine\u010dn\u00e1 odolnost karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku v\u016f\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m, nap\u011bt\u00edm a extr\u00e9mn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed neoceniteln\u00fd materi\u00e1l nahrazuj\u00edc\u00ed polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, jako je nitrid galia nebo dokonce b\u011b\u017en\u00fd k\u0159em\u00edk, v aplikac\u00edch v\u00fdkonov\u00e9 elektroniky.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku pro polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 aplikace se od sv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch abraziv a \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00edm materi\u00e1lu, nikoliv m\u00edch\u00e1n\u00edm pr\u00e1\u0161ku s pojivem. Tuto modern\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed metodu vynalezl Edward Goodrich Acheson ji\u017e v roce 1891: K\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd p\u00edsek sm\u00edchan\u00fd s uhl\u00edkem (ve form\u011b mlet\u00e9ho koksu) se zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 v elektrick\u00e9 odporov\u00e9 peci tak dlouho, dokud nedojde ke sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdsledn\u00fd materi\u00e1l je trvanliv\u00fd, odoln\u00fd proti korozi a opakovan\u00fdm sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00edm se snadno tvaruje do tvar\u016f pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 aplikace. Dopov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit jeho elektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti; b\u011b\u017en\u011b se p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed prvky jako b\u00f3r a hlin\u00edk pro polovodi\u010d typu n a berylium a gallium jako polovodi\u010de typu p.<\/p>\n
Laborato\u0159e EAG maj\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s anal\u00fdzou karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku pomoc\u00ed objemov\u00fdch i prostorov\u011b rozli\u0161en\u00fdch analytick\u00fdch technik, aby pochopily jeho elektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku, \u010dast\u011bji ozna\u010dovan\u00fd jako karborundum \/krbrndm\/, je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b tvrd\u00e1 syntetick\u00e1 krystalick\u00e1 slou\u010denina k\u0159em\u00edku a uhl\u00edku se vzorcem SiC. A\u010dkoli se p\u0159irozen\u011b vyskytuje jako lo\u017eiska miner\u00e1lu moissanitu, v\u00fdroba pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9ho karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku se za\u010dala masov\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bt po roce 1893 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed jako brusivo a v tvrd\u00e9 keramice, jako jsou brusn\u00e9 kotou\u010de a desky nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00fdch vest.<\/p>\n
K\u0159em\u00edk na\u0161el v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed jako polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 elektronick\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na ve v\u00fdkonov\u00e9 elektronice. D\u00edky sv\u00fdm jedine\u010dn\u00fdm fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edm a elektrick\u00fdm vlastnostem je k\u0159em\u00edk vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed volbou materi\u00e1lu pro za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pracuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch nebo nap\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku se li\u0161\u00ed od v\u011bt\u0161iny pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch slou\u010denin t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u016fsob\u00ed jako elektrick\u00fd izolant, dokud nen\u00ed dopov\u00e1n p\u0159\u00edm\u011bsemi, kter\u00e9 m\u011bn\u00ed jeho p\u00e1smovou mezeru, jako je dopov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edkem a b\u00f3rem u polovodi\u010d\u016f typu P a dopov\u00e1n\u00ed fosforem a dus\u00edkem u polovodi\u010d\u016f typu N.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdrobci vyv\u00edjej\u00ed kubick\u00fd karbid k\u0159em\u00edku r\u016fzn\u00fdmi postupy, v\u010detn\u011b sublima\u010dn\u00edch r\u016fstov\u00fdch technik \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch v omezen\u00e9m prostoru, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad chemick\u00e9 napa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159i t\u00e9to metod\u011b vstupuje sm\u011bs plyn\u016f do vakuov\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde reaguj\u00ed a nakonec se usazuj\u00ed na substr\u00e1tu. Chemick\u00e1 depozice z par se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako sou\u010d\u00e1st proces\u016f synt\u00e9zy polovodi\u010d\u016f na b\u00e1zi uhl\u00edku; chemick\u00e1 depozice z par rovn\u011b\u017e poskytuje grafen; av\u0161ak sublimace \u0159\u00edzen\u00e1 omezen\u00edm poskytuje grafenov\u00fd materi\u00e1l vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kvality, co\u017e zt\u011b\u017euje pr\u00e1ci s touto metodou; v d\u016fsledku toho ji nelze roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it na velkokapacitn\u00ed v\u00fdrobu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Silicon Carbide (SiC) is widely utilized across industries due to its versatile properties that make it especially beneficial in high voltage power semiconductor devices like the ones found in electric vehicle traction inverters. Ceramic materials such as this refractory and ceramic material boast resistance to high heat and thermal shock, have excellent mechanical strength and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[64],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=244"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":245,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244\/revisions\/245"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}