Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku (SiC) je krystalick\u00e1 slou\u010denina k\u0159em\u00edku a uhl\u00edku, kter\u00e1 se b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako brusn\u00fd materi\u00e1l, polovodi\u010dov\u00fd materi\u00e1l a pro sv\u00e9 tepeln\u00e9 a mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti. SiC je tak\u00e9 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed vysokonap\u011b\u0165ov\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd pom\u00e1h\u00e1 sni\u017eovat velikost i hmotnost, pokud jde o syst\u00e9my v\u00fdkonov\u00e9 elektroniky elektrick\u00fdch vozidel.<\/p>\n
Syntetick\u00fd moissanit se m\u016f\u017ee vyskytovat i v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b v podob\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e9ho miner\u00e1lu moissanitu. Jedn\u00e1 se o tvrd\u00fd a odoln\u00fd materi\u00e1l s Mohsov\u00fdm stupn\u011bm tvrdosti 8-9, kter\u00fd se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed tvrdosti diamantu.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku (SiC) je neoxidov\u00fd keramick\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd se d\u00edky sv\u00e9 tvrdosti \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v sou\u010d\u00e1stk\u00e1ch odoln\u00fdch proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, v \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fdch materi\u00e1lech a keramice d\u00edky tepeln\u00e9 odolnosti, v elektronick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch d\u00edky lep\u0161\u00edmu v\u00fdkonu ne\u017e k\u0159em\u00edk v prost\u0159ed\u00ed s vysok\u00fdm nap\u011bt\u00edm a tak\u00e9 ve v\u00fdkonov\u00e9 elektronice, kter\u00e1 pracuje p\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch nap\u011bt\u00edch a rychlostech. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee m\u00e1 \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed p\u00e1sovou mezeru ne\u017e jeho k\u0159em\u00edkov\u00e9 prot\u011bj\u0161ky, lze SiC naj\u00edt tak\u00e9 jako polovodi\u010dov\u00fd materi\u00e1l v aplikac\u00edch v\u00fdkonov\u00e9 elektroniky.<\/p>\n
SiC je extr\u00e9mn\u011b tvrd\u00fd materi\u00e1l se siln\u00fdmi kovalentn\u00edmi vazbami mezi atomy uhl\u00edku a k\u0159em\u00edku, kter\u00e9 mu dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed neuv\u011b\u0159itelnou pevnost, druhou nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed po karbidu boru a diamantu. SiC je chemicky inertn\u00ed a odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di korozi i p\u0159i zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v roztoc\u00edch kyseliny chlorovod\u00edkov\u00e9 nebo s\u00edrov\u00e9 a vykazuje tak\u00e9 v\u00fdjime\u010dnou tepelnou vodivost, kter\u00e1 mu umo\u017e\u0148uje udr\u017eovat okoln\u00ed teplotu pro \u00fa\u010dely dlouhodob\u00e9ho skladov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n
SiC lze vyrobit bu\u010f reakc\u00ed atom\u016f Si s uhl\u00edkem v reaktoru fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed depozice z par, nebo sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00edm \u010dist\u00e9ho pr\u00e1\u0161ku b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi metodami tv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed keramiky. Volba zp\u016fsobu tvorby v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje jeho kone\u010dnou mikrostrukturu - reak\u010dn\u011b v\u00e1zan\u00fd (a-SiC) a slinut\u00fd (4H-SiC) maj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnosti.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je tvrd\u00e1 a tuh\u00e1 keramick\u00e1 l\u00e1tka, kter\u00e1 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 brusivo. Proto\u017ee je tvrd\u0161\u00ed a ost\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e oxid hlinit\u00fd, je karbid k\u0159em\u00edku ide\u00e1ln\u00ed volbou pro brou\u0161en\u00ed tvrd\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, jako jsou ne\u017eelezn\u00e9 kovy a n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy d\u0159eva; nav\u00edc se dob\u0159e osv\u011bd\u010duje p\u0159i mokr\u00e9m le\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd (SiO2) vznik\u00e1 reakc\u00ed a pyrol\u00fdzou sm\u011bsi oxidu k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho a uhl\u00edku v elektrick\u00e9 peci. Po vytvo\u0159en\u00ed m\u00e1 tento materi\u00e1l r\u016fzn\u00e9 odst\u00edny od \u010dern\u00e9 po zelenou a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dokonce dopov\u00e1n dus\u00edkem nebo b\u00f3rem, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se jeho chov\u00e1n\u00ed zm\u011bn\u00ed na polovodi\u010d.<\/p>\n
Materi\u00e1l karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku lze d\u00edky jeho odolnosti a dal\u0161\u00edm vlastnostem vyu\u017e\u00edt v r\u016fzn\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch, zejm\u00e9na v aplikac\u00edch, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed vysokou odolnost, jako jsou keramick\u00e9 desky nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00fdch vest. Krom\u011b toho se karbid k\u0159em\u00edku m\u016f\u017ee pochlubit vysokou tepelnou a chemickou odolnost\u00ed a tak\u00e9 n\u00edzkou tepelnou rozta\u017enost\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s podobn\u00fdmi brusn\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly, jako je karbid wolframu nebo diamant.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b tvrd\u00fd materi\u00e1l, jeho\u017e tvrdost na Mohsov\u011b stupnici dosahuje dev\u00edti stup\u0148\u016f, co\u017e ho \u0159ad\u00ed mezi oxid hlinit\u00fd s tvrdost\u00ed dev\u011bt a diamant s tvrdost\u00ed deset. Krom\u011b toho se karbid k\u0159em\u00edku vyzna\u010duje vysokou tepelnou vodivost\u00ed, n\u00edzkou teplotn\u00ed rozta\u017enost\u00ed a velkou odolnost\u00ed v\u016f\u010di teplotn\u00edm \u0161ok\u016fm - tyto vlastnosti jej p\u0159edur\u010duj\u00ed k pou\u017eit\u00ed v oblasti v\u00fdkonov\u00e9 elektroniky, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad m\u011bni\u010de pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v trak\u010dn\u00edch m\u011bni\u010d\u00edch elektrick\u00fdch vozidel - jeho \u0161irok\u00e1 p\u00e1smov\u00e1 propust umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et elektrickou energii \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bji ne\u017e tradi\u010dn\u00ed k\u0159em\u00edkov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku se od moissanitu li\u0161\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee lze z n\u011bj slinov\u00e1n\u00edm jeho zrn s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi pojivy za vysok\u00fdch teplot a tlaku vytvo\u0159it keramiku, co\u017e od roku 1893 umo\u017e\u0148uje jeho masovou v\u00fdrobu jako brusiva, kter\u00e9 se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v aplikac\u00edch vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00edch vysokou odolnost, jako jsou automobilov\u00e9 brzdy nebo spojky, sv\u011bteln\u00e9 diody (LED) a detektory v polovodi\u010dov\u00fdch elektronick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch.<\/p>\n
SiC se vyskytuje v r\u016fzn\u00fdch polymorfn\u00edch form\u00e1ch s odli\u0161nou krystalovou strukturou a fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edmi vlastnostmi. Elektronick\u00e9 aplikace obvykle up\u0159ednost\u0148uj\u00ed polytyp 4H-SiC s hexagon\u00e1ln\u00ed krystalickou strukturou p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed wurtzit nebo zinkov\u00fd blend.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku (SiC) je neoxidov\u00fd keramick\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd se \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro vysokoteplotn\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 aplikace a v\u00fdrobu elektroniky, v\u010detn\u011b polovodi\u010d\u016f. SiC se m\u016f\u017ee pochlubit extr\u00e9mn\u011b vysokou teplotou t\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u00edzk\u00fdm koeficientem tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti, je chemicky inertn\u00ed a d\u00edky sv\u00e9 pevnosti, tvrdosti a trvanlivosti je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd v aplikac\u00edch, jako je abrazivn\u00ed trysk\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduje \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly s vysokou pevnost\u00ed v tahu, jako jsou st\u011bny kotlov\u00fdch pec\u00ed, \u0161achovnicov\u00e9 tlumi\u010de a kluzn\u00e9 li\u0161ty pec\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku (karborundum) je tvrd\u00fd a k\u0159ehk\u00fd miner\u00e1l slo\u017een\u00fd ze \u010dty\u0159st\u011bn\u016f k\u0159em\u00edku a uhl\u00edku. Vyskytuje se pouze ve stopov\u00fdch mno\u017estv\u00edch v meteoritech a kimberlitov\u00fdch lo\u017eisc\u00edch, SiC se obvykle vyr\u00e1b\u00ed synteticky pro pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed. SiC je v \u010dist\u00e9m stavu obvykle izolant, ale m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dopov\u00e1n, aby vykazoval polovodiv\u00e9 vlastnosti, a to dopov\u00e1n\u00edm ne\u010distotami, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed \u0159\u00eddit vodivost, polaritu a vodivost, co\u017e mu umo\u017e\u0148uje fungovat jako za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s nosi\u010dem elektron\u016f v elektronick\u00fdch obvodech, jako jsou tranzistory s p-n p\u0159echodem, Schottkyho bari\u00e9rov\u00e9 diody a MOSFETy.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku (SiC) je extr\u00e9mn\u011b odoln\u00e1 neoxidov\u00e1 keramika s mnoha \u017e\u00e1douc\u00edmi vlastnostmi. SiC je mimo jin\u00e9 ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro vysokonap\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 aplikace, v\u010detn\u011b nap\u00e1jen\u00ed elektrick\u00fdch vozidel; jeho p\u00e1sov\u00e1 mezera je \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u v\u011bt\u0161iny k\u0159em\u00edkov\u00fdch polovodi\u010d\u016f, tak\u017ee je vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku (CNC) je jedn\u00edm z nejtvrd\u0161\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f, jak\u00e9 kdy byly k dispozici, a pro p\u0159esn\u00e9 \u0159ezy vy\u017eaduje diamantov\u00e9 no\u017ee. Jeho tepeln\u00e1 vodivost nav\u00edc zvy\u0161uje \u00fa\u010dinnost a z\u00e1rove\u0148 sni\u017euje velikost akumul\u00e1toru ve vozidle.<\/p>\n
Modern\u00ed v\u00fdroba karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku zahrnuje mlet\u00ed \u010dist\u00e9ho SiC do formy pr\u00e1\u0161ku, jeho sm\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed s neoxidov\u00fdmi sp\u00e9kac\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edsadami a jeho zhutn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159i teplot\u011b a tlaku. V r\u00e1mci v\u00fdroby k\u0159em\u00edkov\u00fdch desti\u010dek lze pou\u017e\u00edt tak\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 napa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed; to vy\u017eaduje velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed energie, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a znalost\u00ed. Acheson\u016fv p\u016fvodn\u00ed postup z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 dodnes standardem pro v\u00fdrobu syntetick\u00e9ho karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je inertn\u00ed keramika s mnoha v\u00fdhodn\u00fdmi vlastnostmi, d\u00edky nim\u017e je velmi \u017e\u00e1dan\u00e1 v pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, od automobilov\u00fdch brzd a spojek a\u017e po nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00e9 vesty. Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku nab\u00edz\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m, abrazivn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m, n\u00edzkou tepelnou rozta\u017enost a je tak\u00e9 vysoce odoln\u00fd proti korozi. V\u0161estrannost karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku zaznamenala v historii mnoho pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch vyu\u017eit\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b brzdov\u00fdch desti\u010dek a nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00fdch vest.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm sm\u011bsi k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho p\u00edsku a uhl\u00edku v cihlov\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 odporov\u00e9 peci pomoc\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho proudu. Po v\u00fdrob\u011b lze vytvo\u0159it jasn\u011b zelen\u00e9 krystaly, kter\u00e9 se podobaj\u00ed diamantu a kter\u00e9 lze n\u00e1sledn\u011b vy\u010distit a z\u00edskat tak karbid k\u0159em\u00edku v polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 kvalit\u011b.<\/p>\n
Polovodi\u010de z karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku maj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u00e1smov\u00e9 mezery ne\u017e jejich k\u0159em\u00edkov\u00e9 prot\u011bj\u0161ky, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje elektronice pracovat p\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch nap\u011bt\u00edch a frekvenc\u00edch bez sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed spolehlivosti - d\u00edky t\u00e9to vlastnosti se staly obl\u00edbenou volbou ve vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch, jako je v\u00fdkonov\u00e1 elektronika pro elektrick\u00e1 vozidla a p\u0159\u00edstroje na roverech a vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch sond\u00e1ch.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Silicon carbide (SiC) is a crystalline compound comprised of silicon and carbon that’s commonly used as an abrasive material, semiconductor material and for its thermal and mechanical properties. SiC is also an excellent high-voltage material which helps reduce both size and weight when it comes to electric vehicle power electronics systems. Synthetic moissanite can also […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[64],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-232","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=232"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":233,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232\/revisions\/233"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}