Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku (SiC) je anorganick\u00e1 slou\u010denina slo\u017een\u00e1 z k\u0159em\u00edku a uhl\u00edku. Zat\u00edmco SiC se v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b vyskytuje jako velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00fd miner\u00e1l moissanit, masov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba byla zah\u00e1jena v roce 1893 ve form\u011b pr\u00e1\u0161ku jako brusiva.<\/p>\n
Zrna SiC lze spojovat sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00edm a vyr\u00e1b\u011bt tak tvrdou keramiku, kterou lze pou\u017e\u00edt v aplikac\u00edch vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00edch odolnost, jako jsou brzdy automobil\u016f nebo keramick\u00e9 desky nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00fdch vest. Nach\u00e1zej\u00ed se tak\u00e9 v elektronick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, kter\u00e1 pracuj\u00ed p\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch a nap\u011bt\u00edch.<\/p>\n
Abrazivn\u00ed karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je extr\u00e9mn\u011b hou\u017eevnat\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd se hojn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v mnoha pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch procesech. Tento v\u00fdrobek podobn\u00fd smirkov\u00e9mu pap\u00edru lze pou\u017e\u00edt k such\u00e9mu i mokr\u00e9mu brou\u0161en\u00ed k odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed rzi z kov\u016f a skel, jako\u017e i k odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed ot\u0159ep\u016f a le\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku (SiC) je organick\u00e1 chemick\u00e1 slou\u010denina slo\u017een\u00e1 z k\u0159em\u00edku a uhl\u00edku, kter\u00e1 se p\u0159irozen\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed jako miner\u00e1l moissanit; masov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba v\u0161ak za\u010dala v roce 1893 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed jako brusivo. P\u0159i slinov\u00e1n\u00ed dohromady vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u011b tvrdou keramiku, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 mnohostrann\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed v aplikac\u00edch, jako jsou podlahov\u00e9 krytiny nebo panc\u00e9\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n
\u010cern\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd karbid k\u0159em\u00edku se d\u00edky sv\u00e9 tvrdosti a dlouhodob\u00e9 v\u00fdkonnosti rychle stal jednou z hlavn\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011bru brusiva, kter\u00e9 \u010dasto nahrazuje brusivo z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho v aplikac\u00edch vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00edch vysokou \u00farove\u0148 odolnosti a \u00fa\u010dinnosti. \u010cern\u00fd karbid k\u0159em\u00edku nach\u00e1z\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed tak\u00e9 v metalurgick\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch, kde je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 jeho odolnost v\u016f\u010di tepeln\u00fdm \u0161ok\u016fm a tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti, a p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b polovodi\u010d\u016f a elektroniky, kde se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jeho vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je jedn\u00edm z nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f. Tento materi\u00e1l se vyzna\u010duje v\u00fdjime\u010dnou chemickou stabilitou a tepelnou vodivost\u00ed s extr\u00e9mn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00fdm koeficientem rozta\u017enosti, nav\u00edc m\u00e1 siln\u00e9 mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti a odolnost proti ot\u011bru a je lehk\u00fd.<\/p>\n
Plasty vyztu\u017een\u00e9 sklen\u011bn\u00fdmi vl\u00e1kny (GFRP) lze pou\u017e\u00edt v mnoha pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch, od skl\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a obrann\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed, jako je panc\u00e9\u0159ov\u00e1 ochrana tank\u016f a obrn\u011bn\u00fdch vozidel, a\u017e po sanit\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00fdrobky, pece, sl\u00e9v\u00e1rny a tlumi\u010de hluku.<\/p>\n
Tepeln\u011b izola\u010dn\u00ed keramika se d\u00edky sv\u00fdm tepeln\u011b izola\u010dn\u00edm vlastnostem a pevnosti pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ve spalovn\u00e1ch odpadu, rota\u010dn\u00edch pec\u00edch a vysok\u00fdch pec\u00edch. Krom\u011b toho na\u0161ly odlitky vyroben\u00e9 z tohoto materi\u00e1lu uplatn\u011bn\u00ed ve vyzd\u00edvk\u00e1ch hutn\u00edch pec\u00ed, podp\u011brn\u00fdch a prov\u011b\u0161ovac\u00edch vyzd\u00edvk\u00e1ch, jako\u017e i v odlitc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 je podp\u00edraj\u00ed, podp\u011brn\u00fdch a prov\u011b\u0161ovac\u00edch vyzd\u00edvk\u00e1ch pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v hut\u00edch. Jeho hlavn\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ak spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve v\u00fdrob\u011b \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 keramiky pro tepeln\u011b izola\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdztu\u017ee odoln\u00e9 proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, jako\u017e i v\u00fdztu\u017ee z proces\u016f lisov\u00e1n\u00ed za sucha s reak\u010dn\u00edmi vazbami p\u0159i lisov\u00e1n\u00ed za sucha nebo extruzn\u00edch proces\u016f, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed v\u00fdrobky s v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdmi chemick\u00fdmi a mechanick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi, d\u00edky nim\u017e je tento materi\u00e1l ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v extr\u00e9mn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku se prosadil v oblasti elektromobil\u016f jako nezbytn\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st DC-to-DC m\u011bni\u010d\u016f a palubn\u00edch nab\u00edje\u010dek spolu s polovodi\u010di na b\u00e1zi nitridu galia a dal\u0161\u00edmi polovodi\u010di, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed elektromobil\u016fm \u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9my s nab\u00edjen\u00edm bateri\u00ed spojen\u00e9 s tradi\u010dn\u00edmi k\u0159em\u00edkov\u00fdmi m\u011bni\u010di.<\/p>\n
Brusiva z karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku - keramick\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ek z karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku se \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k v\u00fdrob\u011b brusn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, jako jsou brusn\u00e9 pap\u00edry a brusn\u00e9 kotou\u010de, d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu tvrd\u00e9mu a pru\u017en\u00e9mu povrchu, kter\u00fd odol\u00e1v\u00e1 velmi vysok\u00e9mu opot\u0159eben\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Polovodi\u010d - SiC je typicky elektrick\u00fd izolant; p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm ne\u010distot nebo dopant\u016f, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad dopanty, se v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee chovat jako polovodi\u010d typu P a pou\u017e\u00edvat se v mnoha r\u016fzn\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch od v\u00fdkonov\u00fdch tranzistor\u016f po vysokoteplotn\u00ed diody a senzory.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je d\u00edky sv\u00e9 n\u00edzk\u00e9 tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti a tuhosti vynikaj\u00edc\u00edm materi\u00e1lem pro zrcadla teleskop\u016f. Zat\u00edmco p\u0159irozen\u011b se vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed moissanit lze v mal\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed nal\u00e9zt v meteoritech a lo\u017eisc\u00edch kimberlitu, v\u011bt\u0161ina karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku prod\u00e1van\u00e9ho po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze syntetick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed - co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdrobu dekorativn\u00edch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, jako jsou syntetick\u00e9 moissanitov\u00e9 \u0161perky.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku (SiC) je jedn\u00edm z nejleh\u010d\u00edch, nejtvrd\u0161\u00edch a nejpevn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pokro\u010dil\u00fdch keramick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f na sou\u010dasn\u00e9m trhu. Nav\u00edc je netoxick\u00fd a odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di kyselin\u00e1m, louh\u016fm a korozi.<\/p>\n
SiC vznik\u00e1 kombinac\u00ed k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho p\u00edsku s materi\u00e1ly bohat\u00fdmi na uhl\u00edk, jako je ropn\u00fd koks, v elektrick\u00e9 peci. Vznik\u00e1 tak zelen\u00fd nebo \u010dern\u00fd krystalovan\u00fd SiC s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi vlastnostmi v z\u00e1vislosti na \u010distot\u011b surovin pou\u017eit\u00fdch k jeho v\u00fdrob\u011b.<\/p>\n
SiC m\u00e1 v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b \u0161irokou p\u00e1smovou mezeru, tak\u017ee je vhodn\u00fd pro vysokonap\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 v\u00fdkonov\u00e9 polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky, jako jsou Schottkyho bari\u00e9rov\u00e9 diody a tranzistory MOSFET, kter\u00e9 pracuj\u00ed p\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 nab\u00edz\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed zap\u00ednac\u00ed odpor ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s k\u0159em\u00edkem (Si).<\/p>\n
Moissanit, p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed miner\u00e1ln\u00ed forma SiC, se vyskytuje pouze v mal\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed v meteoritech a korundov\u00fdch lo\u017eisc\u00edch; ve\u0161ker\u00fd dnes prod\u00e1van\u00fd moissanit pro \u0161perky je syntetick\u00fd; v\u011bt\u0161ina SiC pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho v elektronice poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze synt\u00e9zy SiC pr\u00e1\u0161ku r\u016fzn\u00fdmi metodami.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Silicon carbide (SiC) is an inorganic compound composed of silicon and carbon. While SiC occurs naturally as the extremely rare mineral moissanite, mass production has started in 1893 in powder form as an abrasive. Grains of SiC can be combined through sintering to produce hard ceramics that can be used in applications that demand durability, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[64],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-130","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=130"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":131,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130\/revisions\/131"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=130"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=130"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicatijolart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=130"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}